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As a green and low-carbon waste gas treatment device, spray towers can be classified by working principle into circulating water spray towers, alkaline liquid spray towers and acid liquid spray towers (pickling towers). According to tower materials, they are divided into fiberglass reinforced plastic spray towers, PP spray towers and stainless steel spray towers. Reasonable tower materials and spraying processes shall be selected based on different waste gas characteristics.
The packing layer serves as the mass transfer component for gas-liquid contact. A packing support plate is installed at the bottom of the tower with randomly stacked packing materials. A packing press plate is fixed above the packing to prevent displacement caused by upward airflow. Spraying liquid is evenly distributed onto the packing through a liquid distributor at the top and flows downward along the packing surface. Waste gas enters from the bottom and passes through the packing gap in countercurrent contact with liquid. Gas and liquid make close contact on the packing surface to complete mass transfer.
Wall flow may occur when liquid flows downward, resulting in uneven gas-liquid distribution and reduced mass transfer efficiency. Therefore, the packing layer is divided into two sections with a liquid redistributor in the middle to re-distribute liquid to the lower packing layer.
Spray towers are widely used for industrial waste gas treatment and air purification. Packing is one of the core components that greatly increases gas-liquid contact area and improves mass transfer efficiency. Common packing types include plastic packing, ceramic packing and metal packing with respective characteristics and application scenarios.
Plastic packing is widely used due to its light weight, low cost and corrosion resistance. It is commonly made of PP, PE and PVC materials. With high specific surface area and porosity, it effectively enhances gas-liquid contact and accelerates mass transfer. It resists common inorganic acid, alkali and organic solvents, and can operate stably below 100℃. Featuring good toughness and impact resistance without easy breakage, thin-walled plastic packing provides large flux and low pressure drop, which is widely applied in absorption, desorption, extraction and dust removal equipment.
Ceramic packing is famous for excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, usually made into ceramic balls or ceramic rings. It has superior surface wetting performance to effectively remove harmful gas pollutants. However, its brittleness and fragility limit its applicable range.
Metal packing is favored for high strength and corrosion resistance, especially suitable for high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions. It is generally designed as metal grids or metal sheets. Carbon steel packing is low-cost with good surface wetting performance, suitable for non-corrosive and weakly corrosive working conditions. Stainless steel packing has stronger corrosion resistance against most substances except chlorine-based compounds, while its cost is relatively higher. In special working conditions, surface treatment is required to improve wetting performance for better purification effect.
In conclusion, different types of packing have respective advantages and disadvantages. The selection shall comprehensively consider application scenarios, pollutant properties and economic costs. Proper packing selection can effectively improve treatment efficiency and operational stability, achieving better green and low-carbon treatment effects.
