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Ⅰ. Working Principle
SDS sodium-based dry desulfurization adopts sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) ultrafine powder as desulfurizer. The desulfurizer is fully mixed and contacted with flue gas, and reacts rapidly with sulfur dioxide (SO₂) under the action of catalysts and accelerants. The reaction continuously proceeds in the reactor, flue duct and bag dust collector. By-products of sodium sulfate (Na₂SO₄) can be generated within 2 seconds, and then recycled by the bag dust collector for further chemical utilization.
This technology achieves high desulfurization efficiency. Even under the chemical reaction equivalent ratio of 1:1, the desulfurization efficiency can exceed 95%. The desulfurizer is injected at one time without circulation operation.
Desulfurization Mechanism
Sodium bicarbonate is activated by high-temperature flue gas to form a porous popcorn-like microstructure on the surface. The flue gas fully contacts with the activated desulfurizer for chemical reaction. Sulfur dioxide and other acidic substances in flue gas are removed and purified. The dry by-product sodium sulfate is captured by the bag dust collector along with the airflow.
System Composition
The system consists of desulfurizer silo, grinding machine, intermediate silo, metering and feeding system, injection system, dry desulfurization reactor and bag dust collector.
Main Chemical Reaction Equations
2NaHCO₃(S)= Na₂CO₃(s)+H₂O(g)+CO₂(g)
SO₂(g)+Na₂CO₃(s)=Na₂SO₃(s)+CO₂(g)
Partial reaction: SO₂(g)+Na₂CO₃(s)+O₂ = Na₂SO₄(s)+CO₂(g)
Side reactions:
SO₃(g)+Na₂CO₃(s)=Na₂SO₄(s)+CO₂(g)
2HCL(g)+Na₂CO₃(s)= 2NaCL(s)+CO₂(g)
Process Flow Chart
Ⅱ. Performance Characteristics
• The desulfurization efficiency can reach more than 95% to ensure continuous compliant emission.
• The equipment covers a small area without site layout restrictions.
• Low temperature drop of the desulfurization system and high exhaust temperature, eliminating the need for white smoke elimination.
• The whole system operates under dry condition with no wastewater generation and discharge.
• Recyclable desulfurization by-products can be used as cement additives and other chemical raw materials.
• Simple process, low power consumption and long service life.
• Simple operation and maintenance, flexible regulation and high automation degree.
• Low investment cost and low operational cost.
• Suitable for new construction and renovation projects of medium and small-sized iron and steel sintering machines and coke ovens.
Ⅲ. Application Scope
SDS dry desulfurization technology is applicable to tail gas treatment of gas-fired boilers, biomass boilers, incinerators, smelting furnaces, coke ovens, ceramic kilns and other industrial furnaces. Secondary flue gas whitening elimination is not required, which simplifies the process compared with wet desulfurization. It is highly friendly to enterprises with white smoke control requirements.
